Michael A Erskine, Dawn G Gregg, Jahangir Karimi, and Judy E Scott
International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction,  Volume 31 Issue 6 , pp 402-412.

An understanding of geospatial reasoning ability (GRA) is essential to human-computer interaction research, as many recent consumer and commercial technologies require an ability to interpret complex geospatial data. Individuals, as well as government, commercial and military organizations, use such technologies regularly. For instance, consumer technologies including online mapping services and in-vehicle navigation systems are increasingly prevalent. Business leaders rely on geospatial data when making decisions using geospatial data, there is conflicting evidence on the impact of GRA on the decision-making process. This paper suggests applying a multi-dimensional measure of GRA to facilitate a better understanding of such interactions. Furthermore, this paper proposes a new measurement instrument developed through a rigorous scale development procedure and validated through an exploratory (n=300) analysis.